| Cause | Location of Symptoms | Symptoms |
|---|---|---|
| Corns and calluses | Around toes, usually little toe, bottom of feet or areas exposed to friction | Hard, dead, yellowish skin |
| Ingrown toenails | Toe nails | Nail curling into skin causes pain, swelling, and, in extreme cases, infection |
| Bunions and bunionettes (tailors bunion) | Big toe (bunions) or little toe (bunionettes) |
Toes point inward Area next to bony bump is red, tender, occasionally filled with fluid Toe joint may be inflamed Note: Osteoarthritis may also occur in the big toe in older people |
| Morton's neuroma | Third and fourth toes and bottom of foot near these toes |
Cramping and burning pain around the third and fourth toe The neuroma may be detected by pressing top to bottom using one hand and with the other hand pressing on the top of the foot and moving it side to side Aggravated by prolonged standing and relieved by the removal of the shoes and forefoot massage |
| Hammertoe | Usually second toe but may develop in any or all of the three middle toes | Toes form hammer or claw shape No pain at first, increasing as tendon becomes tighter and toes stiffen |
| Metatarsal stress fracture | Area beneath the second or third toe | Sudden pain when injury occurs |
| Sesamoiditis | Ball of foot beneath big toe | Pain and swelling |
| Plantar fasciitis | Back of the arch right in front of heel |
At onset, some people report a tearing or popping sound Pain, most severe with first steps after getting out of bed, decreasing after stretching, returning after inactivity |
| Bursitis of the heel | Center of the heel | Pain, with warmth and swelling. Increases during the day |
| Haglund's deformity (Pump bump) | Fleshy area on the back of the heel | Tender swelling aggravated by shoes with stiff backs |
| Stress fracture or, uncommonly, heel spurs | Bottom of heel | Sharp stabbing pain |
| Tarsal tunnel syndrome | Anywhere along the bottom of the foot | Numbness, tingling, or burning sensations, pain, most commonly felt at night |
| Flat feet | The arch | No arch Often no pain or discomfort Sometimes people report fatigue, pain, or stiffness in the feet, legs, and lower back |
| High Arches (Hollow feet) | The arch | High arches Lower back pain, possible tendency to lower limb injuries |
| Achilles tendinitis | Achilles tendon: area along the back between calf muscles and heel |
Pain worsens during physical activities (particularly running)
after which the tendon usually swells and stiffens If it ruptures, popping sound may occur followed by acute pain similar to a blow at the back of the leg |